Towing a Trailer with a Brake Controller

[Jason Essary]

Towing a trailer safely—especially one over 3,000 lbs—requires more than just hitching it up and driving off. One of the most critical components in trailer safety is the brake controller, which synchronizes the trailer’s electric brakes with your tow vehicle.

1. What is a Trailer Brake Controller?

A brake controller is an electronic device installed in the tow vehicle's cabin that sends a signal to the trailer’s electric or electric-over-hydraulic brakes. This allows the trailer to brake in proportion to the tow vehicle, improving stability, stopping distance, and overall safety.

There are two main types:

• Time-Delayed Controllers: Apply a preset amount of braking power after a delay when the vehicle brakes are applied.

• Proportional (Inertia-Based) Controllers: Use a motion sensor to apply the same amount of braking force as the tow vehicle in real time.

For smoother, safer towing—especially on varied terrain—a proportional controller is highly recommended.

2. Proper Setup of Trailer Brakes

Brake Gain Adjustment

"Gain" is how much braking power the controller sends to the trailer.

• Start with a gain setting of about 5.0 (mid-range).

• Perform a slow-speed test (around 20 mph) in a safe area:

  • Manually activate the trailer brakes using the controller lever.

  • The trailer should slow the vehicle slightly without locking up its wheels.

Increase gain if the trailer doesn’t brake enough; decrease if it jerks or skids.

TIP: Re-adjust gain if your trailer load changes significantly (e.g., adding water or cargo)

3. Safety & Maintenance Tips

• Brake Sync Check: Ensure braking feels smooth and proportional. If it’s jerky or the trailer pushes/pulls, adjust the gain or inspect brake components.

• Manual Override Lever: Know its location—it can be used independently in emergencies (e.g., trailer sway).

• Inspect Brake Pads/Shoes: Just like your vehicle, trailer brakes wear and need regular checks.

• Pre-Trip Check: Ensure the brake controller is powered, brakes engage, and lights/signals work.

• Breakaway Cable & Battery:

  • Confirm the cable is securely attached to the tow vehicle (not the hitch).

  • Make sure the camper’s battery is charged so the breakaway system works in an emergency.

  • Tip: 2026 models include a dedicated breakaway battery pack—test it before each trip to ensure it's functional.

4. Final Reminders for Safe Towing

• Always stay within your vehicle's towing capacity (check owner's manual).

• Distribute weight evenly in the trailer, with 10–15% on the hitch.

• Use a weight-distribution hitch as needed.

• Drive cautiously—slow, wide turns and extended stopping distances are critical.

 

Tow Smart. Tow Safe.